Comparative Analyses of Biochemical Parameters in Selected Citrus Species (Citrus limon)

Citrus limon leaves are a rich source of primary and secondary metabolites with important nutritional, medicinal, and antioxidant properties. The present study was carried out to comparatively analyze the biochemical parameters of Citrus limon leaves using standard biochemical methods. Chlorophyll (a, b, and total chlorophyll), carotenoids, lipids, reducing sugars, alkaloids, total flavonoids, total phenolic content, total carbohydrates, and total sugars were estimated using spectrophotometric and qualitative techniques.
The analysis revealed considerable variation among the biochemical parameters. Total chlorophyll content was the highest (0.182 mg/g fresh weight), followed by total phenolic content (0.10 mg GAE/ml), total sugar (0.0614 mg/ml), total carbohydrate (0.053 mg/ml), flavonoid content (0.047 mg QE/ml), and carotenoid content (0.0216 mg/g fresh weight). Lipid content was recorded as 2% (dry weight), while reducing sugars and alkaloids were detected qualitatively. The findings are consistent with previous studies highlighting the antioxidant and physiological significance of citrus leaves. Overall, Citrus limon leaves possess a valuable biochemical profile and may serve as a promising natural source of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and agricultural applications.