Primitive Immunoglobulins from ophiocomina Nigra (Ophuirids) Igkappa Gene When Compared to Human Immunoglobulin Kappa Locus.Bioinformatic Data. The Ophuirid Anti-Hrp Protein
Introduction :
The transcriptome of the Ophuirid : Ophiocomina nigra IGKappa gene which has been discovered recently(1).Since it was synthesized de novo and cloned in a pUC-GW-Kan plasmid (2) which was a gift of Bo Huang laboratories+.
Materials :
The original sequence of the Ophuirid IGKappa gene, after cloning, was the following in 5’-3’ :
KEYWORDS : Homo sapiens, Ophiocomina nigra IGKappa gene etc
Original sequence:
GAGGAACTGCTCAGTTAGGACCCAGACGGAACCATGGAAGCCCCAGCGCAGCTTCTCTTCCTCCTGCTACTCTGGCTCCCAGATACCACTGGAGAAATAGTGATGACGCAGTCTCCAGCCACCCTGTCTGTGTCTCCAGGGGAAAGAGCCACCCTCTCCTGCAGGGCCAGTCAGAGTGTTACCAGCAACTTAGCCTGGTACCAGCAGACACCTGGGCAGTCTCCCAGGCTCGTCATCTATGGTGCATCCAGCAGGGCCAGTGGTGTCCCAGCCAGGTTCAGTGGCAGTGGGTCTGGGACAGAGTTCACTCTCACCATCAGCAGCCTGCAGTCTGAAGATTTTGCAGTTTATTACTGTCAGCAGTATAATAAGTGGCCGCACACTTTTGGCCAGGGGACCAAGCTGGACATCAAACGAACTGTGGCTGCACCATCTGTCTTCATCTTCCCGCCATCTGATGAGCAGTTGAAATCTGGAACTGCCTCTGTTGTGTGCCTGCTGAATAACTTCTATCCCAGGGAGGCCAAAGTACAGTGGAAGGTGGATAACGCCCTCCAATCGGGTAACTCCCAGGAGAGTGTCACAGAGCAGGACAGCAAGGACAGCACCTACAGCCTCAGCAGCACCCTGACGCTGAGCAAAGCAGACTACGAGAAACACAAAGTCTACGCCTGCGAAGTCACCCATCAGGGCCTGAGCTCGCCCGTCACAAAGAGCTTCAACAGGGGAGAGTGTTAGAGGGAGAAGTGCCCCCACCTGCTCCTCAGTTCCAGCCTGACCCCCTCCCATCCTTTGGCCTCTGACCCTTTTTCCACAGGGGACCTACCCCTATTGCGGTCCTCCAGCTCATCTTTCACCTCACCCCCCTCCTCCTCCTTGGCTTTAATTATGCTAATGTTGGAGGAGAATGAATAAATAAAGTGAATCTTTGCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
On the other hand we present, an anti-HRP (Horse-Radish peroxydase) protein in the Ophuirid : Ophiocomina nigra, (Fig .1) (3)
It results from immunization of O.nigra to HRP. We notice some plasmolymphocytic cells , in photon microscopy, which have reacted positively (brown coloration) to HRP : HRP which is revealed by diaminobenzidin. These « precipates » may correspond to « Primitive Immunoglobulins » from Invertebrates.
Results andConclusion :
The original gene, the original protein issued from this last one share total identity with Homo sapiens immunoglobulin kappa locus, mRNA (cDNA clone MGC:22645 IMAGE:4700961) : they have a complete identity(Fig 2) and share nearly 100 AA common, in constant and variable domains respectivly
The Sequence of the concerned gene is ID: BC030813.1
At last the Protein GenBank (4) has the following number: AAH30813.1 with 234 amino acids as shown below:
MEAPAQLLFLLLLWLPDTTGEIVMTQSPATLSVSPGERATLSCRASQSVTSNLAWYQQTPGQSPRLVIYGASSRASGVPARFSGSGSGTEFTLTISSLQSEDFAVYYCQQYNKWPHTFGQGTKLDIKRTVAAPSVFIFPPSDEQLKSGTASVVCLLNNFYPREAKVQW KVDNALQSGNSQESVTEQDSKDSTYSLSSTLTLSKADYEKHKVYACEVTHQGLSSPVTKSFNRGEC
It is shown in conclusion, that an invertebrate Echinoderm (Ophuirid Class) IGKappa gene shares entiere identity with a human immunoglobulin IGK (Fig.2). From now on we have to think of : Invertebrate Primitive Immunoglobulins about Echinoderms as it is said about IPA ( Invertebrate Primitive Antibody) (5) also in Echinoderms.
We have not yet the three-dimensional structure of this protein. On the other hand we have the sea star one which is, in a certain way its “sister” in the phylogenic tree. In fact, compared sequencing of Human IGK and Ophiocomina nigra IGKappa gene present more 90% in similarities as shown in Fig.2. We have illustrated this work with a supposed anti-HRP “Immunoglobulin” from Ophiocomina nigra (Fig.1), in photon microscopy.
In the present time, we don’t know the evolutionary process which leads from Echinoderms to Man, in matter of Immunoglobulin “ Immunology”. If there is an evolution in this process , many steps are requested to explain such a phenomenon, which suddenly appears ,so: MHC genes, CDR1, CDR2, CDR3 regions in the Invertebrate Primitive Antibody (5)
+ We thank greatly Bo Huang Laboratories
References:
1) Leclerc, M et al (2018) Appl.Biotechnol. Bioeng 5(1): 17-18
2) Leclerc, M (2022) J.Virol. Viral Dis 2(I)
3) Leclerc,M et al(2017) Cell and Cellular Life Sc. Vol.2 No1
4) Hutchinson, A.T et al. (2014) Hum.Immunol 75(9):986-90
5) Leclerc, M(2025) Mathews Immunol and Allergy 9(1):36
IGK@ protein [Homo sapiens] graphic (in dark) by NCBI (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/AAH30813.1?report=graph) shares IG domains with Ophiocomina nigra IGKappa protein(in grey) issued from ophuirid IGKappa gene
GenBank: AAH30813.1 protein issued from IGK gene has two immunoglobulin domains:
- Region 1
Region : IgV_L_kappa
Comment : Immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain, kappa type, Variable (V) domain
Location : 22…126
Common Length 105 aa
- Region 2
Region : IgC_L
Comment : Immunoglobulin constant domain
Location : 132…231
Common Length 100 aa